Electrochemical desalination tests were carried out using 2 types of lithium-rich feed solution that acted as supply of lithium-ions, labeled as the shredded battery solution and the artificial shredded battery solution. The ions uptaken electrochemically were discharged into separate solutions (recovery solutions). The concentrations of these recovery solution were used to determine the lithium-ion uptake capacity and that of several other elements (Mn, Na, Mg, Co) were plotted with Origin23b. In addition, the electrochemical data (capacity and coulombic efficiency) for the desalination experiments were also graphed were graphed with Origin23b. 

